Debian

Some notes from my Debian 5.0 (Lenny) to 9.0 (Stretch) server experiences.

Hostname

Set hostname for IPv4 and IPv6 on loopback interface:

hostname=foo
domain=felixhummel.de
fqdn=$hostname.$domain

cat <<EOF > /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1 localhost
# fqdn first for "hostname -f"
127.0.1.1 $fqdn $hostname

::1 ip6-localhost ip6-loopback
fe00::0 ip6-localnet
ff00::0 ip6-mcastprefix
ff02::1 ip6-allnodes
ff02::2 ip6-allrouters
ff02::3 ip6-allhosts
EOF

echo $hostname > /etc/hostname
hostname -F /etc/hostname
exec $SHELL

hostname
hostname -f
python -c 'import socket; print socket.getfqdn()'
python3 -c 'import socket; print(socket.getfqdn())'

https://askubuntu.com/questions/754213/what-is-difference-between-localhost-address-127-0-0-1-and-127-0-1-1
https://github.com/saltstack/salt/issues/36619 “grains.fqdn value is difficult to rely on”
postfix and hostnames https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=214741#10

Git 1.9 on Debian Wheezy

apt-get -t wheezy-backports install git
echo 'deb http://cloudfront.debian.net/debian wheezy-backports main' \
    >> /etc/apt/sources.list

Debian Locale

Error:

perl: warning: Falling back to the standard locale ("C").
perl: warning: Setting locale failed.
perl: warning: Please check that your locale settings:
        LANGUAGE = (unset),
        LC_ALL = (unset),
        LANG = "en_US.utf8"
    are supported and installed on your system.

Fix (non-interactive):

export DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive
cp /etc/locale.gen /etc/locale.gen.bak
cat <<'EOF' > /etc/locale.gen
de_DE.UTF-8 UTF-8
en_US.UTF-8 UTF-8
EOF
dpkg-reconfigure locales

Add Another Locale

E.g. for German UTF-8:

grep de_DE.UTF-8 /usr/share/i18n/SUPPORTED
echo "de_DE.UTF-8 UTF-8" >> /var/lib/locales/supported.d/local
export DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive
dpkg-reconfigure locales

Python 2.6 On Debian Lenny

http://www.saltycrane.com/blog/2008/10/installing-python-26-source-ubuntu-hardy/:

sudo apt-get --no-install-recommends install build-essential\
                                             libncursesw5-dev\
                                             libreadline5-dev\
                                             libssl-dev\
                                             libgdbm-dev\
                                             libbz2-dev\
                                             libc6-dev\
                                             libsqlite3-dev\
                                             tk-dev
wget http://www.python.org/ftp/python/2.6/Python-2.6.tgz
tar xzf Python-2.6.tgz
cd Python-2.6
./configure --prefix=/opt/python2.6
make
# ignore bsddb185 sunaudiodev
sudo make install

Exim 4 for outgoing Mail

Set static FQDN by setting it as the first line in /etc/hosts, e.g.:

127.0.0.1   mx1.example.org mx1